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FLASHBACK: The Ultimate WMD: "Owning the Weather" for Military Use

Michel Chossudovsky | 06.06.2008 13:12 | Analysis | Anti-militarism | Climate Chaos | London | World

Washington's New World Order Weapons Have the Ability to Trigger Climate
Change







Washington's New World Order Weapons Have the Ability to Trigger Climate
Change, Third World Resurgence - 2001-01-12

Environmental warfare is defined as the intentional modification or
manipulation of the natural ecology, such as climate and weather, earth
systems such as the ionosphere, magnetosphere, tectonic plate system, and/or
the triggering of seismic events (earthquakes) to cause intentional physical,
economic, and psycho-social, and physical destruction to an intended target
geophysical or population location, as part of strategic or tactical war."
(Eco News)


What are the underlying causes of extreme weather instability, which has
ravaged every major region of the World in the course of the last few years?

Hurricanes and tropical storms have ravaged the Caribbean. Central Asia and
the Middle East are afflicted by drought. West Africa is facing the biggest
swarm of locusts in more than a decade. Four destructive hurricanes and a
tropical rain storm Alex, Ivan, Frances, Charley and Jeanne have occurred in a
sequence, within a short period of time. Unprecedented in hurricane history in
the Caribbean, the island of Grenada was completely devastated: 37 people died
and roughly two-thirds of the island's 100,000 inhabitants have been left
homeless; in Haiti, more than two thousand people have died and tens of
thousands are homeless. The Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Cuba, the Bahamas and
Florida have also been devastated. In the US, the damage in several Southern
states including Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi and the Carolinas is
the highest in US history.

A study released in July 2003, by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
places the blame, without further examination, at the feet of global warming:


"These record extreme events [high temperatures, low temperatures and high
rainfall amounts and droughts] all go into calculating the monthly and annual
averages which, for temperatures, have been gradually increasing over the past
100 years," the WMO said in its statement (CNN, July 3, 2003,
 http://www.cnn.com/2003/WEATHER/07/03/wmo.extremes/ )


While global warming is undoubtedly an important factor, it does not fully
account for these extreme and unusual weather patterns.


Weather Warfare

The significant expansion in America's weather warfare arsenal, which is a
priority of the Department of Defense is not a matter for debate or
discussion. While, environmentalists blame the Bush administration for not
having signed the Kyoto protocol, the issue of "weather warfare", namely the
manipulation of weather patterns for military use is never mentioned.

The US Air Force has the capability of manipulating climate either for testing
purposes or for outright military-intelligence use. These capabilities extend
to the triggering of floods, hurricanes, droughts and earthquakes. In recent
years, large amounts of money have been allocated by the US Department of
Defense to further developing and perfecting these capabilities.


Weather modification will become a part of domestic and international security
and could be done unilaterally... It could have offensive and defensive
applications and even be used for deterrence purposes. The ability to generate
precipitation, fog, and storms on earth or to modify space weather, ... and
the production of artificial weather all are a part of an integrated set of
technologies which can provide substantial increase in US, or degraded
capability in an adversary, to achieve global awareness, reach, and power. (US
Air Force, emphasis added. Air University of the US Air Force, AF 2025 Final
Report,  http://www.au.af.mil/au/2025/ emphasis added)


While there is no firm evidence that the US Air Force weather warfare
facilities have been deliberately applied to modify weather patterns, one
would expect that if these capabilities are being developed for military use,
they would at least be the object of routine testing, much in the same way as
the testing of new conventional and strategic weapons systems.

Needless to say, the subject matter is a scientific taboo. The possibility of
climatic or environmental manipulations as part of a military and intelligence
agenda, while tacitly acknowledged, is never considered as relevant. Military
analysts are mute on the subject. Meteorologists are not investigating the
matter, and environmentalists are strung on global warming and the Kyoto
protocol.

Ironically, the Pentagon, while recognizing its ability to modify the World's
climate for military use, has joined the global warming consensus. In a major
study (pdf) [1] , the Pentagon has analyzed in detail the implications of
various global warming scenarios.

The Pentagon document [1] constitutes a convenient cover-up. Not a word is
mentioned about its main weather warfare program: The High-Frequency Active
Auroral Research Program (HAARP) based in Gokona, Alaska --jointly managed by
the US Air Force and the US Navy.


-----



TABLE 1: Unusual Weather Patterns (2003-2004)

Alex, Ivan, Frances, Charley and Jeanne (August-September 2004): Four
destructive hurricanes and a tropical rain storm occur in a sequence, within a
short period of time. Unprecedented in hurricane history in the Caribbean, the
island of Grenada is completely devastated: 37 people died and roughly
two-thirds of the island's 100,000 inhabitants have been left homeless, in
Haiti, more than two thousand people have died and tens of thousands have been
made homeless. The Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Cuba and the Bahamas have also
been devastated.

In the US, the damage hitting several Southern states including Florida,
Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi and the Carolinas is the highest in US history.

Brazil March 2004: The first-ever hurricane formed in the South Atlantic,
striking Brazil with 90 mph winds and causing up to a dozen deaths.
"Meteorologists were left scratching their heads in bewilderment as the
familiar swirl of clouds, complete with a well-defined eye, appeared in an
oceanic basin where none had been spotted before." (WP, 19 September 2004, See
also  http://www.climate.org/topics/climate/brazil_hurricane.shtml )

Japan, China and the Korean Peninsula: "Japan has suffered its highest number
of typhoon strikes on record, and the storms -- which hit at the rate of one a
week for much of the summer -- wreaked havoc in Taiwan, China and the Korean
Peninsula." (ibid)

China (August 2004): Typhoon Rananim, the worst in 48 years, has killed at
least 164 people and injured more than 1800 in China's Zhejiang province.
Rananim is confirmed by China's meteorological authorities to be the strongest
to hit the Chinese mainland since 1956. It is estimated to have disrupted the
life of some 13 million people,
 http://www.cma.gov.cn/ywwz/englishread.php?recid=39616

United States May 2003 : 562 tornadoes hit the United States, the highest in
recorded history, far exceeding the previous monthly peak of 399 in June
1992.(CNN, July 3, 2003,  http://www.cnn.com/2003/WEATHER/07/03/wmo.extremes/ )

India, early 2003: a pre-monsoon heat wave caused peak temperatures of between
45 and 49 degrees Celsius (113 to 120 degrees Fahrenheit), killing more than
1400 people.(Ibid)

Sri Lanka, "heavy rainfalls from Tropical Cyclone 01B exacerbated already wet
conditions, causing flooding and landslides and more than 300 fatalities."
(Ibid)

Western Europe Summer 2003: experienced extremely high Summer temperatures.
"Switzerland experienced its hottest June [2003] in at least 250 years while
in the south of France average temperatures were between 5 and 7 degrees
Celsius (9 to 13 degrees Fahrenheit) warmer than the long term average.
England and Wales also experienced their hottest month since 1976." (Ibid)


-----



There are several mainstream explanations on weather and climate change, none
of which fully explains, within their respective terms of reference, the
highly unusual and erratic weather occurrences, not to mention the human toll
and devastation, which have led to the destabilization of entire agricultural
and eco-systems. Needless to say these explanations never address the issue of
climate manipulation for military use.


Climatic Manipulation by the US Military: The HAARP Program

The High-Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) based in Gokona,
Alaska, has been in existence since 1992. It is part of a new generation of
sophisticated weaponry under the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI).
Operated by the Air Force Research Laboratory's Space Vehicles Directorate,
HAARP constitutes a system of powerful antennas capable of creating
"controlled local modifications of the ionosphere" [upper layer of the
atmosphere]:


"[HAARP will be used] to induce a small, localized change in ionospheric
temperature so that resulting physical reactions can be studied by other
instruments located either at or close to the HAARP site". (HAARP website)


Nicholas Begich --actively involved in the public campaign against HAARP--
describes HAARP as:


"A super-powerful radiowave-beaming technology that lifts areas of the
ionosphere by focusing a beam and heating those areas. Electromagnetic waves
then bounce back onto earth and penetrate everything -- living and dead." (for
further details see Michel Chossudovsky,
 http://www.globalresearch.ca/articles/CHO201A.html )


World renowned scientist Dr. Rosalie Bertell depicts HAARP as "a gigantic
heater that can cause major disruptions in the ionosphere, creating not just
holes, but long incisions in the protective layer that keeps deadly radiation
from bombarding the planet." (quoted in Chossudovsky, op cit.)

According to Richard Williams, a physicist and consultant to the David Sarnoff
laboratory in Princeton


HAARP constitutes "an irresponsible act of global vandalism." He and others
fear a secret second stage where HAARP would "beam much more energy into the
ionosphere. That could produce a severe disruption of the upper atmosphere at
one location that may produce effects that spread rapidly around the Earth for
years." (Quoted in Scott Gilbert, Environmental Warfare and US Foreign Policy:
The Ultimate Weapon of Mass Destruction,
 http://www.globalresearch.ca/articles/GIL401A.html )


HAARP has been presented to public opinion as a program of scientific and
academic research. US military documents seem to suggest, however, that
HAARP's main objective is to "exploit the ionosphere for Department of Defense
purposes." (quoted in Chossudovsky, op cit).

Without explicitly referring to the HAARP program, a US Air Force study points
to the use of "induced ionospheric modifications" as a means of altering
weather patterns as well as disrupting enemy communications and radar. (Ibid)

HAARP also has the ability of triggering blackouts and disrupting the
electricity power system of entire regions.

An analysis of statements emanating from the US Air Force points to the
unthinkable: the covert manipulation of weather patterns, communications
systems and electric power as a weapon of global warfare, enabling the US to
disrupt and dominate entire regions of the World.


Weather Warfare: A Corporate Bonanza

HAARP has been operational since the early 1990s. Its system of antennas at
Gakona, Alaska, was initially based on a technology patented by Advanced Power
Technologies Inc. (APTI), a subsidiary of Atlantic Ritchfield Corporation
(ARCO). The first phase of the HAARP Ionospheric Research Instrument (IRI) was
completed by APTI. The IRI system of antennas was first installed in 1992 by a
subsidiary of British Aerospace Systems (BAES) using the APTI patent. The
antennas beam into the outer-atmosphere using a set of wireless high frequency
transmitters.

In 1994, ARCO sold its APTI subsidiary, including the patents and the second
phase construction contract to E-Systems, a secretive high tech military
outfit with links to the CIA (  http://www.crystalinks.com/haarp.html ).

E-Systems specializes in the production of electronic warfare equipment,
navigation and reconnaissance machinery, including "highly sophisticated
spying devices":


"[E-Systems] is one of the biggest intelligence contractors in the world,
doing work for the CIA, defense intelligence organizations, and others. US$1.8
billion of their annual sales are to these organizations, with $800 million
for black projects-projects so secret that even the United States Congress
isn't told how the money is being spent.(
 http://www.earthpulse.com/haarp/vandalism.html )



"The company has outfitted such military projects as the Doomsday Plan (the
system that allows the President to manage a nuclear war) and Operation Desert
Storm." (Princeton Review,
 http://www.princetonreview.com/cte/profiles/internshipGenInfo.asp?internshipID
=998 )


With the purchase of APTI, E-Systems acquired the strategic weather warfare
technology and patent rights, including Bernard J. Eastlund's US Patent No:
4,686,605 entitled "Method and Apparatus for Altering a Region in the Earth's
Atmosphere, Ionosphere and/or Magnetosphere".

It is worth mentioning that the Eastlund /APTI patents were based on the
research of Yugoslav scientist Nicola Tesla (many of whose ideas were stolen
by US corporations). (See Scott Gilbert, Environmental Warfare and US Foreign
Policy: The Ultimate Weapon of Mass Destruction,
 http://www.globalresearch.ca/articles/GIL401A.html )

Eastlund described this deadly technology as capable of:


"causing...total disruption of communications over a very large portion of the
Earth...missile or aircraft destruction, deflection or confusion... weather
modification..." (  http://www.wealth4freedom.com/truth/12/HAARP.htm ),


Not surprisingly, the patent had previously been sealed under a government
secrecy order.

Barely a year following the E-Systems purchase of APTI's weather warfare
technology, E-Systems was bought out by Raytheon, the fourth largest US
military contractor. Through this money-spinning acquisition, Raytheon became
the largest "defense electronics" firm in the World.

Meanwhile, ARCO which had sold APTI to E-Systems, had itself been acquired by
the BP-AMOCO oil consortium, thereby integrating the largest oil company in
the World (BP).

Raytheon through its E-Systems subsidiary now owns the patents used to develop
the HAARP weather warfare facility at Gakona Alaska. Raytheon is also involved
in other areas of weather research for military use, including the activities
of its subsidiary in Antarctica, Raytheon Polar Services.


"Owning the Weather": Towards the Expanded Final Stage

The HAARP antenna array and transmitters were slated to be built in several
distinct phases  http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/haarp/phases.html



· Developmental Prototype (DP) (See
 http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/haarp/dp.html )

· Filled DP (FDP),

· Limited IRI (LIRI)

· Full size or final IRI (FIRI).



See  http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/haarp/fdp.html

During the Clinton administration, the "Filled Developmental Prototype" (FDP),
namely a system composed of an array of 48 active antenna elements with
connected wireless transmitters, was installed and completed at the HAARP
facility in 1994. (See Figure 1 below) Under the initial Developmental
Prototype (DP), only 18 of the 48 transmitters were connected.

Bernard Eastlund in a 1997 interview described this antenna array in its
Filled DP stage as the "the largest ionospheric heater ever built".

This system of 48 antennas, however, while fully operational, was not
according to Eastlund, powerful enough (in 1997) "to bring the ideas in his
patents to fruition":


"But they're getting up there", he said. "This is a very powerful device.
Especially if they go to the expanded stage." (quoted in Scott Gilbert, op
cit, see also
 http://www.emagazine.com/january-february_1997/0197currhaarp.html )


This 'final expanded stage' envisioned by Eastlund, which will provide maximum
capability to manipulate the World's weather patterns, has now been reached.

Under the Bush administration, the main partner of Raytheon (which owns the
patents) in the construction and development stage of the HAARP antenna array,
is British Aerospace Systems (BAES), which had been involved in the initial
installation of the antenna array in the early 1990s.

The multimillion dollar contract was granted by The Office of Naval Research
to BAES in 2003, through its US subsidiary BAE Systems Advanced Technologies
Inc. The contract was signed barely two months before the Anglo-American
invasion of Iraq.

Using Raytheon's technology, BAES was to develop the HAARP Ionospheric
Research Instrument (IRI) to its maximum capabilities of "Full size or final
IRI (FIRI)".

In April 2003, BAE Systems Advanced Technologies outsourced the production and
installation of the antennas to Phazar Corp (  http://www.phazar.com/ ), a
company specializing in advanced wireless antennas for military use. (Phazar
owns Antenna Products Corporation of Mineral Wells, Texas
 http://www.antennaproducts.com/ ). Phazar was entrusted with producing and
installing 132 crossed dipole antennas items for the HAARP facility.
(  http://www.antennaproducts.com/News%20Release%2004-18-03.pdf )

A year later, in April 2004, the final phase in the expansion of the HAARP
facility was launched. (Dept of Defense, 19 April 2004). This phase consisted
in equipping all the 180 antennas with high frequency transmitters. BAE
Systems was awarded another lucrative contract, this time for $35 million.

In July 2004, Phazar had delivered and installed the 132 crossed dipole
antennas including the antenna support structures and ground screen items at
the HAARP facility, bringing the number of antennas from 48 under the FDP
stage to 180. (see Table 2).

Meanwhile, BAE Systems had contracted with Jersey based defense electronics
firm DRS Technologies, Inc [2] in an $11.5 million outsourcing arrangement,
the production and installation of the high-frequency (HF) radio transmitters
for the HAARP antenna array. (See
 http://www.drs.com/press/archivelist.cfm?PRESS_RELEASE_ID=1529&preview=1 and
Business Wire, 15 June 2004). DRS specializes in a variety of leading edge
products for the U.S. military and intelligence agencies. (
 http://www.drs.com/corporateinfo/index.cfm ).

Under its contract with BAE Systems Information and Electronic Warfare Systems
in Washington, D.C., DRS is to manufacture and install "more than 60 Model
D616G 10-Kilowatt Dual Transmitters" to be used with the HAARP system of
antennas. (It is unclear from the company statements whether all the 180
antennas will be equipped with a transmitter, bringing the system up to full
IRI capabilities).

Deliveries and installation are to be completed by July 2006. While HAARP is
described as a "research project", the production of the transmitters was
entrusted to DRS' C41 "Command, Control, Communications, Computers and
Intelligence (C4I) Group"


-----



The diagram and images below describe the HAARP Alaska Facility in 1997.

[haarpfdp.gif]

Figure 1: The Array of 48 Antenna Elements with the Transmitter Shelters (FDP
stage)

The 48 antenna array is supported by transmitter shelters, each of which
contains 6 transmitter cabinets. (See image of shelter below)

Each cabinet contains two transmitters. (image of cabinet below)

The newly installed 132 dipole antennas supplied by Phazar vastly increase the
size of the HAARP Alaska facility; the new transmitters are supplied and
installed by DRS


[haarpohd.jpg]

Image 1: Aerial Photo of the HAARP Alaska Site

Source:  http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/haarp/ohd.html



[haarpArray.jpg]

Image 2: HAARP Antenna Array

Source:  http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/haarp/HaarpSite.html


Image 3: Transmitter Shelter

 http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/haarp/images/trans/transtr.jpg

Transmitter Shelter containing Six Transmitter Cabinets. Each Cabinet contains
two transmitters



[haarpshelter.jpg]

Image 4: Inside the Transmitter Shelter

 http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/haarp/images/trans/shelter.jpg



[haarptrans2.jpg]

Image 5: Two Transmitters making up a Transmitter Cabinet

 http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/haarp/images/trans/trans2.jpg


-----



Testing of HAARP Equipment (2003- 2004)

It is worth noting that the expansion of the antenna array (e.g. during
2003-2004) required, as part of the contracts reached with BAE Systems and its
various subcontractors, the routine testing of the installed weather warfare
equipment. An intermediate stage Limited IRI (LIRI), could be in operation by
2004, following the completion of the 180 antenna array under the Phazar
contract and pending the final delivery of the remaining HF radio
transmitters.

In this regard, a report published by the Russian parliament (Duma) in 2002,
suggests that the US Military had plans to test its weather modification
techniques at its Alaska facility, as well as at two other sites:


"The committees reported that the USA is planning to test three facilities of
this kind. One of them is located on the military testing ground in Alaska and
its full-scale tests are to begin in early 2003. The second one is in
Greenland and the third one in Norway.

"When these facilities are launched into space from Norway, Alaska and
Greenland, a closed contour will be created with a truly fantastic integral
potential for influencing the near-Earth medium," the State Duma said.

The USA plans to carry out large-scale scientific experiments under the HAARP
program, and not controlled by the global community, will create weapons
capable of breaking radio communication lines and equipment installed on
spaceships and rockets, provoke serious accidents in electricity networks and
in oil and gas pipelines and have a negative impact on the mental health of
people populating entire regions, the deputies said. (Interfax News Agency,
original Russian, BBC Monitoring, 8 August 2002, emphasis added)


Whether this report by the Russian Duma on testing "starting in early 2003" is
correct or not, the US administration must be confronted nationally and
internationally, at the political and diplomatic levels, at the UN and the US
Congress, by the international scientific community, by environmentalists and
the antiwar movement. The future of humanity is threatened by the use of
weather modification techniques.

Moreover, to wage an effective campaign, it is essential that corroborating
scientific investigation of the unusual weather occurrences observed in recent
years (and particularly since early 2003) be undertaken. This investigation
should be far-reaching, collecting relevant data, correlating specific weather
occurrences to recorded antenna activity at the Alaska site as well as at the
two other sites, etc.

The Full Size Ionospheric Research Instrument FIRI stage, described as "a
maximum size of 180 antenna elements, arranged in 15 columns by 12 rows" is
scheduled to be completed by mid-2006 (assuming the installation of the
remaining dual transmitters), at which time the HAARP program will have
reached its maximum FIRI capacity, meaning the ability to selectively modify,
for military use, weather patterns anywhere in the World.


"The IRI is currently [June 2004] composed of 48 antenna elements and has a
power capacity of 960,000 watts. When installed, the additional 132
transmitters will give HAARP a 3.6 mega-watt capacity [see Table 2 below]. The
HAARP build-out is jointly funded by the U.S. Air Force, the U.S. Navy and the
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). (Business Wire, 10 June
2004)



Table 2: Comparison of IRI Phases
DP FDP LIRI FIRI
Number of Active Antenna Elements 18 48 108 180
Total Transmitter Power (kW) 360 960 2160 3600
Maximum Antenna Gain (dB) 19 24 29 31
Max Effective Radiated Pwr (dBW) 74 84 92 96
Min Antenna Pattern Width (degrees) 9 8 5

Frequency Range 2.8 to 10 MHz
Modulation Types CW/AM/FM/PM


Source  http://www.haarp.alaska.edu/haarp/phases.html

This advanced stage of full capacity (FIRI) corresponds to what the US Air
Force has called "Owning the Weather":

US aerospace forces [will] 'own the weather' by capitalizing on emerging
technologies and focusing development of those technologies to war-fighting
applications... From enhancing friendly operations or disrupting those of the
enemy via small-scale tailoring of natural weather patterns to complete
dominance of global communications and counterspace control,
weather-modification offers the war fighter a wide-range of possible options
to defeat or coerce an adversary... In the United States, weather-modification
will likely become a part of national security policy with both domestic and
international applications. Our government will pursue such a policy,
depending on its interests, at various levels.(US Air Force, emphasis added.
Air University of the US Air Force, AF 2025 Final Report,
 http://www.au.af.mil/au/2025/ )

Weather Warfare against "Rogue States"

The unusual climatic occurrences in the US and Western Europe have been
extensively documented.

However, what the news media has failed to underscore is that a number of
unusual and dramatic climatic changes have occurred in recent years in
countries which are identified as possible targets under the US
Administration's pre-emptive war doctrine.

Weather patterns in North Korea, for instance, have been marked since the
mid-1990s by a succession of droughts, followed by floods. The result has been
the destruction of an entire agricultural system. In Cuba, the pattern is very
similar to that observed in North Korea. (see Table 3)

In Iraq, Iran and Syria, a devastating drought occurred in 1999. In
Afghanistan, four years of drought in the years preceding the US led invasion
in 2001, have led to the destruction of the peasant economy, leading to
widespread famine.

While there is no proof that these weather occurrences are the result of
climatic warfare, Phillips Geophysics Lab, which is a partner in the HAARP
project provides a course for military personnel at the Hanscom Air Force Base
in Maryland, on "Weather Modification Techniques". The course outline
explicitly contemplates the triggering of storms, hurricanes, etc. for
military use. (See his slide show at
 http://www.dtc.army.mil/tts/1997/proceed/abarnes/ open PowerPoint presentation
at  http://www.dtc.army.mil/tts/tts97/abarnes.zip )

Weather manipulation is the pre-emptive weapon par excellence. It can be
directed against enemy countries or even "friendly nations", without their
knowledge. Weather warfare constitutes a covert form of pre-emptive war. The
manipulation of climate can be used to destabilize an enemy's economy,
ecosystem and agriculture (e.g. North Korea or Cuba). Needless to say it can
trigger havoc in financial and commodity markets and can potentially be used
as an instrument of "insider trade" for financial gain. It has the ability of
destabilizing a country's institutions. Concurrently, the disruption in
agriculture creates a greater dependency on food aid and imported grain
staples from the US and other Western countries.

The Bush administration has stated that it reserves the right to attack these
countries preemptively, with a view to ensuring the security of the American
homeland.

Washington --as part of its nuclear posture review-- has threatened several
countries including China and Russia with pre-emptive nuclear strikes. One
would assume that the same targeting of rogue states exists with regard to the
use of weather modification techniques".

While there is no evidence of the use of weather warfare against rogue states,
the policy guidelines on "weather intervention techniques" have already been
established and the technology is fully operational.


-----



Table 3: Unusual Weather Occurrences: North Korea, Cuba, Afghanistan and Iraq


North Korea

Recurrent flooding and drought often in the same year has hit North Korea
since 1995, 220,000 people died in the ensuing famine, according to
Pyongyang's own figures. U.S. figures place the number of deaths resulting
from famine at 2 million.

The first major flooding occurred in 1995.

There were floods and drought in 1999. The serious water shortage resulting
from the 1999 drought was conducive to the destruction of crops.


"The temperature of water in rice fields goes beyond 40 degrees and the tall
rice plants fresh from the rice seedling beds are withering. In particular,
nearly all after-crop maize seedlings and seeds are perishing," it added.


In 2001, in June there was an extensive drought with rainfall just 10% of
normal levels, which served to undermine agricultural crops. And then a few
months later, in October, there were extensive floodings leading to the
further destruction of rice harvests and a crisis situation in food
distribution.


"Officials in Kangwon province - an area which already suffers food shortages
- say the impact of the torrential rain and flooding has been devastating. The
normal recorded rainfall for October should be around 20mm. But in the
worst-affected areas 400mm (18 inches) of rain fell in just 12 hours. "It was
the worst flooding we've had since records began in 1910," said Kim Song Hwan,
head of the government's Flood Damage Rehabilitation Committee for the region.
(BBC, 23 Oct 2001,  http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1614981.stm )




Cuba

For several years Cuba has been affected by recurrent droughts. In 1998,
rainfall in Eastern Cuba was at its lowest level since 1941.


A United Nations team estimated 539,000 people, 280,000 of them farmers, were
directly affected by reduced availability of food or reduced income through
production losses. Some reported effects are: hunger in areas; a loss of up to
14% of the sugar cane crop planted last year and a reduction in this spring's
planted crops, since rains were not sufficient for some seeds to germinate
(which will reduce next year's crop); as much as 42% losses in food staples
such as root vegetables, beans, bananas, and rice in the five eastern
provinces; and livestock, poultry, and egg production losses

(UN Relief,
 http://www.reliefweb.int/w/rwb.nsf/0/2975570e60ff2a7685256680005a8e2d?OpenDocu
ment )


In 2003, a devastating drought hit the Western part of Cuba

In 2004 May-June, the country is hit by the worst drought in its history:


"A severe drought enveloping eastern Cuba has eroded 40 percent of the
farmland, starved thousands of heads of cattle and has close to 4 million
people counting every drop of water they consume." The drought is described as
the worst in 40 years.

"The drought has robbed underground water levels of some 10 feet over the past
10 years, leaving over 5,000 wells across the province dry," said Leandro
Bermudez, a geologist and the second man at Cuba's National Institute of
Hydraulic Resources. (MSNBC, 21 June 2004  http://msnbc.msn.com/id/5262324


The cities are running out of water. According to the Independent, "Drought is
bringing Cuba to its knees


Unnoticed by the world, the longest dry period for decades has brought much of
Cuba to its knees. Could this be the crisis that finally destroys Fidel's
revolution?

"All across central and eastern Cuba, farmers, ranchers, city dwellers and
government officials are scrambling to deal with a punishing drought that
began a decade ago and intensified in the last two years.

Although traditionally arid, the provinces of Holguin, Camaguey and Las Tunas
hold some of Cuba's finest pasture and farmland and have long been crucial to
this communist nation's dairy, beef and agricultural industries.

More than 12,500 cattle have died in Holguin alone in 2004 and milk production
has fallen 20 percent. The price of beans, plantains, sweet potatoes and other
staples has soared in private markets.

The drought has caused millions of dollars in losses and officials are
spending millions more digging wells, building a water pipeline and taking
other measures to try to ease the crisis - huge sums in an impoverished nation
struggling through tough economic times and a battle with the United States.

Officials also have moved thousands of cattle to more fertile areas and are
working furiously to finish a 32-mile pipeline that will draw water to Holguin
city from Cuba's largest river, the Cauto. The $5 million pipeline could be
completed next month. (Chicago Tribune, July 29, 2004,
 http://www.thestate.com/mld/thestate/news/world/9271316.htm )


The above report date to September 2004, it was published before, the
hurricanes hit the Cuban coastline followed by torrential rains.


Afghanistan and The former Soviet Republics of Central Asia

The worst drought in Afghanistan history occurred in the three consecutive
years prior to the onslaught of the US led invasion, from 1999 to 2001. The
agricultural recovery of the 1990s, in the wake of the Soviet-Afghan war was
brought to a standstill.

In the wake of the US led 2001 invasion, the United States supplied
Afghanistan with genetically modified wheat and appropriate types of
fertilizer to be used with the GM wheat, which was said to be high yield
drought resistant. The donation of GM wheat, however, also led to
destabilizing the small peasant economy because the GM wheat varieties could
not reproduced locally. In 2002, famines which were barely reported by the
media, swept the country.

Similar although less severe conditions prevailed in the former Soviet
republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.


Like Afghanistan, Tajikistan has had its infrastructure ruined by prolonged
civil war with Muslim fundamentalists. Since then, the worst regional drought
in 74 years has destroyed food crops over a large part of the nation,
rendering almost half of the 6.2 million people in the country vulnerable to
the threat of famine and disease, up from 3 million last year. About the only
portion of the economy that has been unaffected is the drug trade. Tajikistan
is the transit route for 65 to 85 percent of heroin smuggled out of
Afghanistan, the world's largest producer.
(  http://www.americanfreepress.net/Mideast/Drought__Desperation_Breed_Vio/droug
ht__desperation_breed_vio.html ]

Triggered by the lowest rainfall (2001) in living memory, vast tracts of Iran,
Uzbekistan, Pakistan and Tajikistan are being reduced to desert as the water
table sinks, long-established wells dry up and herds of livestock perish.

The crisis appears to fulfill alarming climate change predictions suggesting
that states along the old Silk Road will experience steeper rises in
temperature than any other region on earth. By the end of the century it will
be 5C hotter in an area which regularly sees the thermometer soar above 40C.

The study, published last year by the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change
Research at the University of East Anglia, predicted that Asian countries from
Kazakhstan to Saudi Arabia will warm up more than twice as much as others.
"Several states," the report added, "including Uzbekistan, Tajikistan,
Afghanistan and Iran, [are facing] famine."

In Tajikistan, the United Nations appealed for aid to avert disaster.
"Substantial foreign aid is needed or else there will be a large-scale
famine," said Matthew Kahane, the UN's humanitarian aid coordinator, speaking
from the capital, Dushanbe.

"The country has had its lowest rainfall for 75 years. Families who survived
last year by selling their cows and chickens now have no other means of
coping. Some households have sold the glass out of their windows and the
wooden beams from their roofs to raise money for food."

(The Guardian, 0ct 30, 2001,
 http://www.guardian.co.uk/famine/story/0,12128,736902,00.html )




Iraq

In 1999, Iraq suffered its worst drought of the century, with the effect of
triggering an even greater dependence on imported grain under the oil for food
program. There was a drop of up to 70 percent in domestic yields of wheat,
barley and other cereals, which served to further weaken the country's
economy, crippled by economic sanctions and the routine bombing by allied
aircraft in the no-fly zones.

A similar (although less serious) situation prevailed in Syria and Iran,
marked by significant declines in agricultural output.


-----


Related Global Research Articles on Weather Warfare

Michel Chossudovsky, Washington's New World Order Weapons Have the Ability to
Trigger Climate Change, Jan 2001,  http://www.globalresearch.ca/articles/CHO201
A.html

Vladimir V. Sytin, Secret Use of Weather Modification Techniques by US Air Force?
August 2003,  http://www.globalresearch.ca/articles/SYT308A.html

Interfax,.US Could Dominate The Planet if It Deploys This Weapon In Space, CRG,
August 2002,  http://www.globalresearch.ca/articles/INT208A.html

Scott Gilbert, Environmental Warfare and US Foreign Policy: The Ultimate Weapon
of Mass Destruction, January 2004,
 http://globalresearch.ca/articles/GIL401A.html

Bob Fitrakis, Rods from Gods: The insanity of Star Wars, 24 June 2004,
 http://globalresearch.ca/articles/FIT407A.html

Did a Secret Military Experiment Cause the 2003 Blackout? 7 September 2003,
 http://globalresearch.ca/articles/ANA309A.html
-----


References:
[1]  http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf
[2]  http://www.drs.com/

Michel Chossudovsky
- Homepage: http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=319

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