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Why Bonobos Are More Successful Feminists Than You Are

Ciaran Dubhuidhe | 10.04.2009 03:47 | Analysis | Gender | Technology | World

Bonobos have no ideology, they just do it.

Science is often inconvenient to ideology. Take, for example, the Republican need to repress science under the Bush Administration, or the clash between evolution and fundamentalist Christianity. When science elucidates, silly beliefs struggle. This is how it has been throughout the history of science. There is no reason to believe that science will fail to continue to present inconvenient truths to ideologies.

Few things propel science forward more than the observation of similar examples. For example, until we were able to study other planetary bodies, geology and geophysics were limited to studying a single example: the Earth. As we expanded our investigation to other worlds, we came to better understand our own. Similarly, as we come to accept the fact that we are not unique amongst the creatures of this Earth and that, in fact, there exist several species on this very planet that are very similar to our own, we learn more and more about ourselves. In recent years, scientific investigation has revealed that chimpanzees are not only very close to us genetically, but that they share sophisticated intellectual and emotional mechanism with us. For example, chimpanzees feel empathy, they have a sense of fairness, they know how to deceive, they know how to exaggerate, they have self awareness, they are good with numbers, and they are able to innovate. Among the more fascinating similarities are those dealing with the relationship between male and female chimpanzees. It turns out that chimpanzee females exchange sex with male chimpanzees for meat. Additionally, it also turns out that chimpanzees are hunter-gatherers, just like primitive humans, and that they have a division of labor based on gender. Male chimpanzees hunt and gather while female chimpanzees gather but do not hunt. Like humans, there are exceptions. Some females of both species hunt and some males of both species gather. However, for the most part, there is this gender based division of labor.

Female chimpanzees prefer males who are successful hunters. In various hunter-gatherer civilizations currently existent, the same is true. The female human members of these groups measure the sexual desirability of a male based on his ability to hunt successfully.

The similarities do not end there. One common feature of nearly all primate species is pronounced sexual dimorphism. Sexual dimorphism is when the males and females of a species are easily distinguished by pronounced physical differences. In primate species, the male is usually larger and stronger than the female. The greater the difference in male size over female size, the more polygynous the relationship between males and females. When males and females are nearly the same size (within a species), the sexual grouping of males to females is usually one to one. When the males are much larger than the females, the sexual grouping of males to females is usually one to many. Put differently, the greater the sexual dimorphism in favor of the size of the male the more intense the patriarchy within the species. Gorillas are an example at one extreme (where larger males have many loyal female mates) and bonobos, with less dimorphism, show a more egalitarian relationship between males and females with the social bonding of females compensating to the point where their relations are more matriarchical than patriarchical (interestingly, bonobos are more closely related to humans than any other ape).

Though bonobos show less dimorphism than other chimpanzees, they are still sexually dimorphic. Bonobo males exchange food with bonobo females for sex and bonobo females often use sex to resolve tensions caused by the distribution of food. The female bonobo's ability to use sex to control food makes it possible for female bonobos to exert authority over male bonobos and other female bonobos (sounds a lot like mom in the kitchen, doesn't it?).

This leads me to wonder, “Is it to be expected that human males will engage in physically aggressive behavior, tend towards infidelity, and use his greater power to acquire sexual opportunities?” It seems that the behavior of “male chauvinist pig” is essentially primate behavior. That by acting as a “male chauvinist pig” the human male is behaving as millions of years of evolution have made him. Indeed, to act otherwise would be to deny his actual physical identity. Likewise, it appears that exchanging sexual favors for material gain is in the nature of the human female. It has been programmed into the human through evolution. Sex is the female primate's method of obtaining power. This is very much contrary to the aims of feminist idelogy. Does it mean that feminist thought is all for naught? Of course it doesn't mean that feminism is all bunk (though it may mean that some of it is). More on that later. However, these recent discoveries are highly inconvenient for feminism.

There is a difference between the lives of chimpanzees and the lives of homosapians. While intelligence is advantageous in both chimpanzee and human life, the fact remains that hunting has become less common and that a growing portion of human labor is almost exclusively intellectual. As best I can tell, no one has discovered a chimpanzee who earns his or her living through philosophy, teaching, or software development. Increasingly, the world that we live in is a world were females can and do use their intelligence to obtain the very same things males obtain without requiring the exchange of sex with a male. The average female can go down to the supermarket and purchase her meat with money. Female humans are as intellectually gifted as human males (and I see no reason to suppose that female chimpanzees are any less intellectually gifted as male chimpanzees). A discord seems to have developed between what we are and how we provide for ourselves. We still inherit the genetic instructions to behave as chimpanzees do, in a world where behaving like chimpanzees does not assist in our self preservation. Our intellectual and productive worlds have out-evolved us. This leaves us in a predicament. How can we be happy if we cannot satisfy what is right for ourselves in terms of who we are as animals with what is right for ourselves in terms of who we are within society?

The feminist might argue that males should just learn to be different from what they have evolved to be. This is easily said, but it is impossible for any individual male to achieve. Perhaps, as the ages pass we will evolve into something physically and emotionally compatible with our intellectual and productive reality, but this is doubtful. The intellectual realm evolves much faster than the physical realm. What this means is that we can expect this discord to increase over time. Moreover, who is to say that the feminists are right about how it is that male humans should be? We do not dictate to other species how their males and females should interrelate. We do not dictate such because it is something beyond our control. They are what they are. The same is true for us: we are what we are. Admonitions will not change our nature.

It is not merely from the observation of chimpanzee behavior that feminism is confronted with the inconvenient realities of science. Another challenge comes from field of neuroscience. A recent study shows that male humans do, in fact, objectify women. The brains of male humans are wired to objectify women when presented with soft-porn images of women. There is nothing males can do about this fact. It isn't even clear that males should do anything about this fact. Many females know the power of using their female form to manipulate men (and bonobos have found that this is the key to resisting patriarchy). No doubt this ability is rooted in the fact that men cannot control what their brains are hardwired to do. More than likely, this is exactly how female chimpanzees are able to get male chimpanzees to hand over the meat.

If some of the central goals of feminism go against human nature (e.g. that men will stop objectifying woman, that men will not be womanizers, that men will not use their power to obtain sex, and that women will not use their sex to obtain power), what chance does feminism have to succeed? I propose that feminism can still succeed, but only if it drops its misandery. Put simply: you cannot turn a normal heterosexual male into your girlfriend.

Males will objectify females that are dressed in revealing clothes. No, this doesn't mean that he can treat females like objects, but it does mean that he will see a sexily clad woman as something he would like to sexually devour in a way analogous to a child dreaming of eating a cup-cake. That is how he is wired. He is not bad for being this way. He just is who he is. Likewise, the woman who wants to show some flesh to get what she wants is feeling exactly what evolution programmed her to feel. It doesn't mean she should be able to move up the corporate ladder by wearing a loose blouse and flashing her tits at her male boss, but it doesn't mean she is a bad person if she wants to do just that.

It seems to me that an enlightened feminism would encourage males and females to enjoy their genetic makeup by encouraging play that involved the expression of what we evolved to be, while discouraging that behavior in the world of productivity. Most importantly, an enlightened feminism would not attempt to force males to live unnatural lives and to feel ashamed of what they are by nature. An enlightened feminism would not place value judgments on instinctual behavior, whether male or female.

Of course, I am writing of an enlightened feminism. If have no expectations (or even hope) for the misandry that masquerades as radical feminism. The kind of feminism that sees each and every male as the enemy (unless he is gay or transgendered) is little more than a mental disorder that springs forth from a history of abuse. It is the moral equivalent of racism based on bad experiences with a member of a different race. This feminism, unfortunately, is pervasive on the hard left of American politics. It is a hate movement and nothing more. This misandric feminism cannot succeed because science negates it.

I end with a question to you the reader: How do you believe feminism will adapt to what science reveals?

Ciaran Dubhuidhe
- Homepage: http://insolentmediacenter.com/node/21

Comments

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interpretation

10.04.2009 09:54

You begin by saying:
"Take, for example, the Republican need to repress science under the Bush". What the Republicans actually did was to fund and pick out the bits of science that suited their political purpose, such as climate change denial. Nothing new in anyone with a particular motive (or thesis to back up), looking for the 'right answers' in science and nature. Which is what I think you might be doing here.
When we consider the behaviour of chimpanzees, we don't hark back to a true past (human beings are not chimpanzees and never have been). Although we share similarities, there are many abilities and behaviours we do not share. As rationalising humans, we are able to make choices about our behaviour, which seems limited in other animals. Therefore we tend not to go in for cannibalisation and infanticide (something chimpanzees do, for whatever reasons. They feel compelled and cannot alter that compulsion).
If you reject the premise that human males and females have choices in their behaviour, then you reject what it is to be a human. You can't have it both ways. Males are responsible for their behaviour and so are females and that's why we try to make a society that allows natural impulses to be expressed without exploitation of one or the other.

anon


Anon & OP

10.04.2009 14:53

Actually human beings are by normal taxonomy quite clearly chimps- there is less than 2 percent divergence, which is much less than within some species.

Read this for more:

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Third_Chimpanzee

Other than that, if we aren't chimps, what the hell are we??? Or are you arguing a creationist stance???

It's a contentious area for some, but common sense prevails that the differention between pan and homo is political, much in the same vein as the 19th century race theories: Woe betide anyone who should dare suggest we are all African, let alone that we fell out the same tree in the Congo as Tarzan's furry side-kick; that there is maybe only 40 millenia's distance between us and our apparently grammatically bereft brothers & sisters.

But, there is no credibility in your stance that human are free-willed sentient beings and chimps are just innate, instinctive, automatons. There is conversely indeed much to argue for a prevailing innate behaviour pattern in homo too- the concept of benchmarking this in itself sounds quite dubious from the onset! Furthermore, the compotents of the constellation we call 'humanity' are readily found in the rest of the animal kingdom, at least in a proto format.

Firstly, there has been nowhere near enough quailty behaviourial research into our two chimp brothers to warrant any kind of bold statements. In fact, research into the behaviour and vocalisations of even lower primates seems to indicate that there is very likely a continuum in degrees of aptitude for learning, innovation and for language/proto-linguistic communication.

The plain fact is that we are unlikely to be able to learn much from chimps either as they are sentient enough, and non-mechanical enough to react adversly to captivity (as captive breeding failure indicates) and moreover they are social and therefore can only be naturally studied in organic groups... and their natural habitat is being destroyed taking the chimps with it.

If there are any lessons to be learned from chimp social behaviour, it's likely we'll have killed them all off before we get the chance. And that in itself is probably the most salutory lesson of them all.

Apart from that. The obvious thing is: what humanity is the comparison referring to? As human culture/behaviour is in totally quite self-contradictory/paradoxical. Comparing bonobos to ancient Sumatrans would yield a wholly different result to comparing them to Wahabbis.

And if the bonobos are more feminist than homo, how does that square with belligerent and violent nature of the bonobos' near twin across the water??? Without being able to explain that chasm of behavioural difference within almost the same genome, a comparison with humans is pretty much pointless.

There are also all sort of ridiculous and specious extrapolations you could draw from the human vs chimp evolutionary batting average of seven billion pan sapiens to ca. 10,000 paniscus.

So, really, is this article just a transanthropomrphic exercise in reverse engineering a prejudice, when there is no empiricism to support the culturally narrowly selective assertions?

One thing I do however agree with: humans have more aptitude for modifying their behaviour. But that answer could be found in the derth of anthroplogicial/sociological data that shows that more feminist/egalitarian culture have prevailed and flourished (and some still do to lessening degrees) anyway.

The chimp anology was never neccessary in the first place.

Nim Chimpsky & Washo's proofreader.


species

10.04.2009 18:28

"Actually human beings are by normal taxonomy quite clearly chimps- there is less than 2 percent divergence, which is much less than within some species."

I'm pretty sure the classification of a species is a population with the capacity to interbreed and produce fertile offspring. The evidence from comparible equines points to any hypothetical chimp/human hybrid being infertile. So its a jump to say that humans are "quite clearly" chimps, as by "normal taxonomy" they're a different species.

Anyway, this naturalistic fallacy stuff about gendered behavior in the OP is garbage.

Jambo


Cheers Jambo!

10.04.2009 19:30

All you need to do now is elucidate how exactly you solved the Species Problem and rendered all other definitions outside your own fallacious:

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_problem

Seriously, it's not so clear cut:

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species#Definitions_of_species

Blush, but the word I should have used was 'genus'.

Lexis/semantics & POV aside, the original post is unscientific nonsense.

You may find this either interesting or irritaing/boring:

 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3042781.stm

Nim Chimpsky & Washo's proofreader.


On the definition of species

11.04.2009 09:31

The wikipedia article just referred to has this to say about the definition of species- "In the study of sexually reproducing organisms, where genetic material is shared through the process of reproduction, the ability of two organisms to interbreed and produce fertile offspring is generally accepted as a simple indicator that the organisms share enough genes to be considered members of the same species. Thus a "species" is a group of interbreeding organisms." This is because its a commonly accepted definition of species. Bonobos and humans are clearly distinct species, albeit closely related ones.

bob


Well

11.04.2009 10:00

That's all and well and good in shorthand, but about as useful/accurate as a linguistc describing a 'noun' as being a 'thing word'... there are scores of issues around the conceptual definition of 'noun' that adds much convolution to that basic concept and there are similar issues applying to 'species' in biology.

As I corrected myself anyway: genus was the correct word

I never expected this to turn into the complaints page in the Telegraph!

Nim Chimpsky & Washo's proofreader.
- Homepage: http://Bob


Hidden Comment

This posting has been hidden because it breaches the Indymedia UK (IMC UK) Editorial Guidelines.

IMC UK is an interactive site offering inclusive participation. All postings to the open publishing newswire are the responsibility of the individual authors and not of IMC UK. Although IMC UK volunteers attempt to ensure accuracy of the newswire, they take no responsibility legal or otherwise for the contents of the open publishing site. Mention of external web sites or services is for information purposes only and constitutes neither an endorsement nor a recommendation.

The missing link

11.04.2009 12:42

Thanks for the belly laughs Dogsy!

This is as speciest as it is specious, sexism wrapped up in pseudoscience. A mysoginist with a dictionary is still just a mysoginist.
The argument that because we share DNA with something means we have it's innate characteristics is daft. You share 50% of your DNA with a banana and yet if I called you a banana you may feel insulted.

"This is easily said, but it is impossible for any individual male to achieve."
Speak for yourself ! Some of us larger brained primates find it quite easy not to attack teenage girls in the street, or abuse our young. You acknowledge evolution exists, you are just opposed to it. I think you are the perfect person to repeatedly bring the anti-misandry message to Indymedia. You are not one of these macho men who talk about hating women and yet do nothing about it, you really do attack them like the baboon you wish you were.

Danny


The Species Genus Telegraph debate

11.04.2009 12:45

In response to Nim Chimpsky & Washo's proofreader:

It seems perfectly reasonable for the original post to refer to species and genus at different points. Not only that but conflating the attributes of the genus with the divergences of the species. For example, Humans have less obvious body hair than Bonobo. That is certainly more hardwired than behaviour as supported by both Bonobo and Human modifying their own behaviour. Two species can remain in the same genus for very different reasons to behaviour, habit or phenotype.

I am not certain the original post is completely unscientific nonsense. Just lacking the presence of genus. In the absence of genus (or even phyla) there are a lot of claims that can creep in - and do - without any basis for challenge.

In other words, it might well be that mysandry is actually an evolutionary advance and the whole "challenge to feminism" is simply an impossible appeal for the species to revert to an ancestral form closer to the concept of the genus.

Dickie Dawkins Typewriter


conning girls into university

11.04.2009 13:31

Here is a post that fully supports your anti-feminist article, from a campaigning male photographer from north-west UK called Dogsy. He often links to Indymedia articles from that message board, which an unkind observer might label as 'meatpuppeting'.

"
The environmentalists who flood Indymedia and Schnews with their articles or protests fail to see that the feminism they support on these sites do more damage to the environment AND society than recyling paper, glass or mounting ASDA kerbs in 4x4's. Destroyed families - twice the number of newspapers to recycle! ... also, conning girls to go to university means that they will leave education with a large debt due to student loans. This makes it extremely difficult to be a stay at home mother to nurture her children.
Probably marrying a graduate partner and buying a house means they start family life with two large and one huge debt!
Neither can afford not to work or spend time raiing their children.
... and they are the bright ones with a certificate to tell them they are clever!
"
 http://antimisandry.com/chit-chat-main/gathering-around-cauldron-3141-post14836.html#post14836

not dogsy


Guidelines : Discrimination - sexism

11.04.2009 14:13

Is there really no IMCista who sees an article calling for feminists to act like female bonobo monkeys (ie fuck and raise babies) the slightest bit sexist? Worse than that, justifying men having harems because they have bigger bodies, at least female bonobos can fuck who they want. Asking for 'enlightened feminists to accept instinctual behaviour' is asking for the legalisation and normalisation of rape and murder.

Danny


The Science Deulsion?

11.04.2009 14:25

Well, from my limited reading, it is very obvious that the grammar of taxonomy/classification are riddled with the same limits/shortcomings of linguistic grammar: there is a lot of useful shorthand which falls apart under close scrutiny. To which we can add the case of hairy dogs and bald dogs within the same species...

We can say much about the hard-wired physical aspects of organisms, but at this point we are only beginning to have an inkling of genetics & innate behaviour. We know it exists, but not much more.

But in terms of the article being unscientific:

1. The very obvious initial failing is the of annotation/bibliography/citation... but to be fair it could be de-jargonised text, but,

2. There is nothing to support the idea that concepts of human sexual politics are found in chimps. True that there may be comparisons to be drawn, but in scientific terms you can just play fast in loose with such terminology (which also lacks a given precise definition).

So, if the there is a metaphorical/analogous use of terminology going on here, then it is anthropomorphic. If it is anthropomorphic, then the point being made isn't so much about the feminism of chimps (as there is no such gender politics as we know it) but rather a nebulous indictment of homo. And as I said, there is no specific culture defining 'You' in the article- we can only assume it is present day Western culture as reflected by the status quo.

And to repeat myself, despite agreeing with many of the hypothesis, the whole exercise in pseudo-scientific metaphorical polemic was entirely unnecessary as a more accurate narrative could have been delivered comparing homo to homo- and the need for tenuous analogy sidestepped.

So, no clearly defined terminology, no clearly defined groups, conflation of terminology, no data, no bibliography... no science.

But yes misandry is by definition not helpful. But to be fair bigotry breeds resentful retaliatory bigotry, and misandry is by no stretch of the imagination a problem on the scale of male dominance.

Now given that often hunter gatherer groups tend to be more egalitarian, the more interesting question to ask would possibly have been: Has agriculture and civilisation created the need for the feminist movement? And 'Can an egalitarian society be re-instated within the 21st West at all?'

As the answer to the article closing poser, is Darwinian: crappy extremist bigotted tactics are likely to fail if they are indeed irrelevant and the correct strategy will succeed.

Nim Chimpsky & Washo's proofreader.


Pull!!!

11.04.2009 14:39

I agreed. This article is junk. It makes a few valid points. But the valid points it makes are stating the obvious.

Apart from the pseudoscience, the main objection is that the only people who need to be taught about the evils of bigotry are bigots.

The bigger problem is inequality of females, not a small extremist faction of bigots that don't represent feminism in the minds of anyone but other bigots.

Nim Chimpsky & Washo's proofreader.


The value is in the comments

11.04.2009 16:04

My personal thoughts are that the standard of debate that this article has produced means that it would now be a shame to hide it.

JimDog*


JimDog*, qui bono 'performing chimps'?

11.04.2009 16:34

I'd agree if this were a mainstream venue or if this were on the sick site that Danny linked to.

But I have to wonder who benefits from this article being visible on IM. I'm sure most people who frequent this place don't need to be told why misandry isn't a social priority?

Is debunking the anthropomorphism & hokum of any use to anyone on here???

Leaving the article up, implies an endorsement.

Nim Chimpsky & Washo's proofreader.


Disagreement but not censure

11.04.2009 19:05

I found the original posting interesting, thought about it for a while, disagreed with it's main points and posted a challenge. But just because I disagreed, I'd hate the article to be 'disappeared', denying anyone else to come to their own conclusions.
One important reason for keeping it on view is that it (unfortunately) represents the way many people justify sexist acts and opinions. Here we have a good opportunity to argue against these views using reason and debate - another example of how we differ from our chimpanzee friends.

anon


S C U M

11.04.2009 20:04

So, the article is sexist but it should stay because it has provoked debate? So, similarly, if a racist posted an article comparing any other persecuted minority as another species, that should be permitted.

This is Stormfront content, that offensive, and it is part of an organised campaign here to dismiss feminism as unwarranted oppression of males. Why is it okay to say feminists should act like the submissive monkeys they are - would it be okay to say that here about any racial group? As for the supposed 'quality comments', they have restricted themselves to a discussion of the definition of genus and species without tackling the inherent mysoginy of the article.

An all time low for Inydmedia.

Danny


Restrcited?

11.04.2009 21:50

I think the article tried to be antagonistically misogynistic, but actually ended up make more of a fool of itself. Tried to be Goebbel's achieved Bernard Manning. I wondered it may have been pure situationist parody hungover from April 1st.

The first word of this doggerel is 'science', and sometimes it's better to let idiots become hoist by their own petard rather than giving them a wedgie. I've seen more science in a fairground mystic's tent.

I have already agreed that the article should be pulled. I suspect it hasn't been already because it's Saturday night and some people have a better social calendar.

If this is what passes as counterfeminist intellectualism, I think no feminists need to put in any extra training to tackle it.

Nim Chimpsky & Washo's proofreader.


One thing this article does expose about Indymedia

11.04.2009 22:59

Is that there is not a vast reservoir of scientific engagement among those using Indymedia. The basic science of the article would have been current about 1901. The conclusions drawn are, in essence, the "race science" of Nazi Germany (very fashionable in the early twentieth century and not really that original) as applied to the more modern concerns of the left.

In short, the usefulness of the article is that it shows what Indymedia ignores. Like much of contemporary society, there is virtually no scientific engagement and those who do "spout science" are seen as inherently anti-progressive.

The discussion around genus and species is an incredibly important distinction in taxonomy. In terms of the original post, the existence of genus invalidates many of the conclusions about species. Yet, there is little regard given to that direction of argument because "sexism" is a trigger word that clouds the issue.

The article essentially makes the mistake of supposing that science is argued the same way as rhetoric. Without engaging with science in more than a very superficial way, Indymedia will repeatedly be in the position of supporting bogus science with sound rhetoric. Which is exactly the position the world found itself in in the 1930's.

The opinions based on fairly reasonable science are distinct from the science. Given that very few people seem to engage with and articulate science on Indymedia, the approach of many responses do not address the science. They point out that sexism is objectionable. They do not point out that the scientific claims are dubious or debatable within science.

Which leaves the very clear cut positions people take. Essentially painting themselves into a corner because they only appreciate the rhetorical conclusions with any depth and so paint out the scientific evidence as being flawed. Which leads to the persistent anti-science attitude that frequently emerges in Indymedia.

The alternative interpretation of the Bonobo social structure is that not only females but males indulge in sex without involving the alpha male. That sexual variety and non reproductive sex is an evolutionarily stable strategy for the entire troop. That simply counting how much genetic material Homo species have in common with Pan species is a flawed measure of relatedness. Given the historical example of "race science" that objection should be considered of more importance than perpetuating sexism. Yes, sexism shortens the lives of, and impoverishes, women but racism does the same to ethnic "minorities". Substitute "African" or "Chinese" for "Female" into the article and you have the essential structure of a scientific defence of racism.

The science is, unfortunately for the left, sound. It is the interpretation that is nonsense. It is not pseudoscience. Just a century out of date and superceded.

Dickie Dawkins Typewriter


Dickie

12.04.2009 00:13

I think the fundamental problem is that science and politics are at cross purposes. Politics tends to be dogmatically ideologically driven and science, should be at least, data driven.

Politics has a tendency to will science to conform to the stability dogma, and science naturally is in constant flux and self-doubt. Thus, we get an interesting scenario going on in the left or anti-authoritarian circles when someone like Lovelock proclaims nuclear fuel is a viable option in the climate change problem. Lovelock becomes instantly persona non grata for many... then we have the completely scientifically bereft who believe 'global warming' is an deception of the nuclear fuel or petrochemical industries...

And as you state the Right has never been any luckier with ideology and science coinciding.

That isn't to dismiss the important of ideology as a social force: 'whatever it takes...'

Well I see the terminology/definition question as being pretty much a matter of definitions reflecting requirement. It makes total sense to define humans and chimps as the same genus if your purpose is to illustrate evolutionary heritage. It's all a matter of band pass filters.

Apart from all that, science has a piss poor record in engaging with itself. So what chance does the 'layperson' stand with terminology whose semantics radically swing around depending which faculty door they knock on: mutually unintelligible metalanguages are the norm.

You seem to have forgotten the deluge of shite 'genetic behavioural' studies that started oozing out in the late 90s? Much in the same style as the OP. The reactionary media loved it.

Nim Chimpsky & Washo's proofreader.


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